Botulinum toxin is an injectable neuromodulator derived from neurotoxins produced by Clostridium botulinum, the bacterium responsible for botulism. As a result of the ability of the toxin to inhibit neurotransmission between peripheral nerves and muscle tissue, botulinum toxin is an effective treatment for aesthetic and medical concerns that are exacerbated by muscle contraction.

The human face is composed of a complex array of muscles that act in concert to create facial expressions and fulfill vital functions. Clinicians with a thorough understanding of facial anatomy and the functional relationships between muscles in the face and neck can safely use botulinum toxin to selectively weaken specific muscles, resulting in favorable cosmetic results.

Appropriate candidates for botulinum toxin injection are patients with specific cosmetic concerns that can be alleviated by local muscle weakening and who lack contraindications to therapy. Patients between the ages of 30 and 50 years often achieve the most benefit from treatment; a greater proportion of rhytides in older patients may be due to loss of skin elasticity, which is not alleviated by botulinum toxin alone.

• HyperhidrosisBotulinum toxin can be used to disable the eccrine and apocrine glands and prevent them from producing and secreting sweat from the body. Small doses are injected in a grid-pattern to the affected area which blocks the actions of the nerves that supply the sweat glands, which can prevent the glands from producing sweat.

  Although it does not provide a cure for hyperhidrosis, it can help you with your daily life as sweating may no longer be the main focus of your day. You can eliminate the embarrassment factor that can come with excessive sweating and restore your confidence in instances where excessive sweating has been holding you back. This can mean that you can do a number of things without the concern of excessive sweating, such as no longer needing to worry about which clothes to choose, exercise without concern, go on holiday to hotter climates or simply hold the hands of loved ones without worrying about how much sweat you’re producing.

• Migraine
  
  To ease migraine symptoms, Botox is injected into the treatment area. The medication enters your nerve endings, thereby blocking the chemicals that signal pain transmission.In general Botulinum toxin for migraines works better with every additional treatment. Most people report satisfactory results after the second or third session.